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  RECORD TYPE ......... SUBJECT FILE
  SUBJECT TYPE ........ ORG
  FILE OPENED ......... 2026-07-05 17:22 UTC
  APPEARANCES ......... 44 ANNOTATIONS
  KNOWN ALIASES ....... 1
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Annotated by ARGUS

Tuskegee Institute

ALSO APPEARS AS

Tuskegee Institute

APPEARS IN THE MARGINS OF

ACTIVE
USPHS Withholding of Penicillin Treatment in Tuskegee Study: Archival Documentation and Decision Records
The Tuskegee syphilis study conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service from 1932 to 1972 deliberately withheld penicillin treatment from African American participants despite penicillin becoming avai…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: USPHS Internal Ethical Discussions (1945-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, withholding treatment from Black men with syphilis to observe the disease's natural progres…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Survival and Contents of Death Certificates, Medical Examiner Reports, and Autopsy Records
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of untreated syphilis in African American men witho…
COLD
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Documented Participant Mortality and Causes (1932–1972)
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 1932 to 1972, observed the nat…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: USPHS and Political Appointee Awareness of Continuation Post-Penicillin (1947-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural history of the disease in African American men without their informed…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Justification for Untreated Control Group Post-Penicillin Efficacy
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) conducted the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male from 1932 to 1972, observing the na…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: USPHS and Tuskegee Institute Communications on Penicillin Availability (1945-1950)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in Negro Males from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural history of the disease in African American men without…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Ethical Review and USPHS Leadership Decisions (1932–1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural progression of untreated syphilis in African American men. The study …
ACTIVE
USPHS Internal Dissent on Tuskegee Study Ethics (1950-1972)
This dossier investigates whether U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) regional medical officers or field physicians filed memoranda or internal complaints regarding the ethical status of the Tuskegee S…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Oral Histories of Internal Objections (Pre-1972)
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of untreated syphilis in African American men without the…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Institutional Accountability and Internal Ethical Oversight
The Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 1932 to 1972, involved nearly 400 African Am…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Orders to Withhold Penicillin Treatment
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972, involved tracking the natural progression of untreated syphilis in African American men. Multiple so…
COLD
USPHS Internal Memos on Penicillin Use in Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1945-1950)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural history of untreated syphilis in African American men. The study with…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Withholding Penicillin Treatment 1945-1950
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS), in collaboration with the Tuskegee Institute, conducted a study on untreated syphilis in African American men from 1932 to 1972 [3, 7]. Participants, primarily …
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: NLM Document Release and Dissenting Opinions
In 2022, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) digitized and released a collection of over 3,000 documents related to the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, whic…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: USPHS Leadership Debate on Ethical Implications (Newly Digitized Records)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the progression of untreated syphilis in African American men without their…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Internal USPHS/CDC Debates and Ethical Reviews Post-Penicillin
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the progression of untreated syphilis in African American men without their…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Ethical Review Post-Nuremberg Code
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural progression of syphilis in African American men without providing tre…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Institute's Awareness of USPHS Syphilis Study Ethics and Penicillin Implications
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, which began in 1932, involved monitoring African American men with syphilis without providing treatment for 40 years, endin…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Ethical Justifications for Withholding Penicillin (1945-1950)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted a study on untreated syphilis in African American men in Tuskegee, Alabama, from 1932 to 1972 (https://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/about/index.html). The stud…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Mortality Statistics from USPHS/CDC (1932-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, observed the natural progression of untreated syphilis in Black men without their informed con…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Research on Participant Death Certificates and Autopsy Reports
The Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of untreated syphilis in approximately 399 African A…
ACTIVE
NIH Retrospective Cohort Study on Tuskegee Survivors and Control Group
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural history of untreated syphilis in approximately 600 Black men wi…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study Participants: External Syphilis Treatment Seeking Behavior (1945-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, deliberately withheld treatment from African American participants to observe the natural hist…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Quantifying Excess Mortality from Withheld Penicillin (1945-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS), in cooperation with the Tuskegee Institute, conducted a study from 1932 to 1972 on the natural history of untreated syphilis in African American men, without in…
ACTIVE
USPHS Funding for Tuskegee Syphilis Study: 1945-1966 Budget Appropriations
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male was a study conducted by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and later the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from …
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Documentation of Death Certificates, Autopsies, and Medical Examiner Reports
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of syphilis in Black men without informed consent o…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: USPHS Internal Communications to Washington D.C.
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted a study on untreated syphilis in African American men in Tuskegee, Alabama, from 1932 to 1972 (Source 2). This 40-year study, initially known as the 'T…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: USPHS Official Discussions on Continuing Untreated Syphilis (1945-1972)
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male was conducted by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972 [1]. Participants were Black men who were not given penici…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: USPHS Internal Ethical Reviews (1945-1966)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural history of untreated syphilis in African American men without their i…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Correspondence on Participant Deaths and Withholding Treatment (1945-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural history of syphilis in African American men without their informed co…
ACTIVE
National Library of Medicine's Digitized Tuskegee Study Documents: Categories and Scope
The National Library of Medicine (NLM) has digitized and made publicly available over 3,000 documents related to the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, 1932-1972 …
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Declassified Memos on Continuation and Penicillin Withholding (1947-1972)
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male was a 40-year study conducted by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) fro…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: USPHS Internal Health Outcome Assessments (1945-1972)
The Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis was conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural progression of untreated syphilis in approximately 400 African…
COLD
USPHS Internal Reviews and Ethical Audits of the Tuskegee Study (1932-1972)
The Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted by the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of untreated syphilis in African Am…
ACTIVE
USPHS Organizational Structure and Oversight of Tuskegee Study
The Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of syphilis in approximately 600 African Ame…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Internal Ethical Objections (1932-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, observing the natural history of the disease in African American men without providing trea…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: USPHS/CDC Chain of Command and Approval Process
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural history of untreated syphilis in African American men without t…
COLD
USPHS Staff Apologies for Tuskegee Syphilis Study (Post-1972)
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) from 1932 to 1972, involved observing untreated syphilis in hundreds of African American men without their informed con…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Physician Ethics Petitions (1945-1972)
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study, conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) and CDC from 1932 to 1972, observed the natural progression of untreated syphilis in nearly 400 African American men. P…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Internal Ethical Discussions (1932-1972)
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural history of untreated syphilis in Black men without providing th…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Staff Testimonies on Pre-1972 Ethical Concerns
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) conducted the Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee from 1932 to 1972, withholding treatment from Black men with syphilis to observe disease progression [1, 8]. T…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Study: Internal USPHS Questions on Methods
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of syphilis in Black men without providing treatmen…
ACTIVE
Tuskegee Syphilis Study: Internal Ethical Debates and Staff Testimonies
The U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee, conducted from 1932 to 1972, involved observing the natural progression of syphilis in Black men without providing treatmen…